Line -the vital visual path that directs eye movement through a composition.
Form - the shape or configuration of an individual component of the composition the overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of a floral composition.
Space - the area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition.
Texture - the surface quality of a material, as perceived by sight or touch.
Pattern - 1. a repeated combination of line, form, color,texture, and/or space. 2. the silhouette of a flower or an arrangement as observed against its background, including solids and spaces.
Fragrance - a sweet or pleasing odor, perceived by the sense of smell.
Size - the physical dimensions of line, form, or space.
Color - the visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light.
Primary and Secondary Principles of Design
Primary Principles
Balance - a state of equilibrium, actual or visual; a feeling of three-dimensional stability.
Proportion - the comparative relationship in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis among components within the composition: the relationship of one portion to another, or of one portion to the whole.
Dominance - the visual organization within a design that emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasized, others are subordinate.
Contrast -emphasis by means of difference; strength through opposition.
Rhythm - visual movement through a design, usually achieved through repetition or gradation.
Harmony - compatibility; a pleasing or congruent arrangement of parts.
Unity - oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit.
Secondary Principles
Scale - the relative ratio of size, or the relationship of the size of a composition to the surrounding area or environment.
Emphasis - the special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design.
Focal Area / Focal Point - the area(s) of greatest visual impact or weight; the center(s) of interest to which the eye is most naturally drawn.
Accent - detail added to a design to provide additional interest, affecting the total character of the composition.
Opposition - contrast between elements which are counterpoint in relation to each other, bringing about a sense of tension in a design.
Tension - the dynamic, aesthetic quality achieved by the skillful use of opposition, implying or suggesting a sense of energy.
Variation - dissimilarity among attributes or characteristics.
Depth - the placement of material at different levels within and around an arrangement.
Repetition - the recurrence of the like elements within a composition.
Transition - the ease of visual movement which results from gradual degrees of change among one or more of the elements.
